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Chuckwalla Spring is located a narrow canyon that extends from the desert
floor several miles up into the eastern flank of the Panamint Mountain Range. An
ancient Indian trail, now mostly washed out, leads to the spring where water is
present on an unreliable basis. Vegetation in the canyon and around the spring
is not dense, and at just under 2000' the elevation provides little relief from
daily summer temperatures of 115° plus. Winter temperatures are mild and the
spring probably served as a rest stop for prehistoric peoples traveling between
the winter-spring food gathering resources on the valley floor and the
summer-fall hunting/gathering resources higher up in the Panamint Range.
The fifty or so petroglyphs are all found on a medium brown varnished
dolomite(?) rock outcrop, which is about thirty feet in diameter and situated
about eight feet above the floor of the wash. Many of the petroglyphs are on the
top of the rock facing up, but deterioration and repatinization of the
petroglyphs is slight, indicating they are not of a great age. The petroglyphs
appear to be of the same approximate age, not created over millennia. The
petroglyphs showing the greatest deterioration are near the base of the outcrop.
The deterioration seems more related to water flow activity in the wash than the
ravages of wind and rain. The petroglyphs at Chuckwalla Spring are mostly
nonrepresentational and more similar to petroglyphs made by the Shoshone Culture
than petroglyphs made by earlier Archaic people.
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Chuckwalla Spring
petroglyphs. View from up canyon looking east. |
The rock outcrop containing
the petroglyphs. |
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Petroglyphs lower on the
outcrop and closest to the wash show the greatest deterioration. |
The probable most recent
petroglyph is also
the lightest in color. |
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Most of the petroglyphs are
nonrepresentational abstract designs whose meanings are difficult to interpret. |
This depiction of a bighorn
sheep is a rare example of representational petroglyphs at Chuckwalla Spring.
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This petroglyph may
represent a snake emerging from a crack in the rock. Snakes can travel back and
forth from this world to the spirit world. |
Space on the boulder for
additional petroglyphs
was available. |
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This typical Chuckwalla Spring panel was
probably made
by people of the Shoshone Culture. |
Not a common spiral... the outer circle may
be a rattlesnake connected to an inner spiral. In some beliefs spirals are
believed to be portals to the spirit world. |